Skip to content
EPUBCheck · Package document (OPF)

EPUBCheck OPF-049: manifest id not found

Updated:

EPUBCheck OPF-049 is an error message: “Item id "…" was not found in the manifest.” Something refers to a manifest id that does not exist, for example a spine itemref idref or the spine's toc attribute. Every such reference must match the id of an item element in the manifest.

The official message

Item id "%1$s" was not found in the manifest.

Default severity
Error. The EPUB breaks a rule of the specification and is invalid. Stores and Send to Kindle may reject it, and EPUBCheck exits with status 1.
EPUBCheck version
5.4.0

%1$s, %2$s… are filled in with the file, value or element EPUBCheck found.

Typical causes

  • A manifest item that was removed or renamed while the spine still refers to it.
  • A typo or a difference in case between the idref and the item id.
  • A spine copied from another book with different ids.

How to fix it

  1. Read the id EPUBCheck names.
  2. Correct the reference to an existing manifest id.
  3. Or add the missing manifest item, with its href and media type, if the file is in the book.

When it's not this

If the id exists but the same item is listed twice in the spine, that is OPF-034.

Terms used here

Other OPF messages

  • OPF-048 Package tag is missing its required unique-identifier attribute and value.
  • OPF-050 TOC attribute references resource with non-NCX mime type; "application/x-dtbncx+xml" is expected.
  • OPF-045 Encountered circular reference in fallback chain.
  • OPF-053 Date value "…" does not follow recommended syntax as per http://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-datetime:….
  • OPF-044 Spine item with non-standard media-type "…" has no EPUB content document fallback.
  • OPF-054 Date value "…" is not valid as per http://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-datetime:….

Sources

Message text and severity from EPUBCheck 5.4.0 (W3C, BSD-3-Clause). Explanation by EpubCC.

FAQ

What does EPUBCheck OPF-049 mean?

EPUBCheck OPF-049 is an error message: “Item id "…" was not found in the manifest.” Something refers to a manifest id that does not exist, for example a spine itemref idref or the spine's toc attribute. Every such reference must match the id of an item element in the manifest.

Is OPF-049 an error?

OPF-049 is reported as error by default. The EPUB breaks a rule of the specification and is invalid. Stores and Send to Kindle may reject it, and EPUBCheck exits with status 1.